# Setup Installation > Panduan lengkap untuk instalasi dan setup Kubernetes cluster dari local development hingga production deployment. ## 📋 Daftar Isi * [🏠 Local Development](#local-development) * [☁️ Cloud Cluster Setup](#cloud-cluster-setup) * [⚙️ Configuration](#configuration) * [🔧 Validation](#validation) * [🚨 Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) *** ## 🏠 Local Development ### **Minikube** **Minikube** adalah tool yang paling mudah untuk menjalankan single-node Kubernetes cluster di local machine untuk development dan testing. #### **Installation** ```bash # Linux (x86_64) curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64 sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube # macOS (Intel) curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-amd64 sudo install minikube-darwin-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube # macOS (Apple Silicon) curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-darwin-arm64 sudo install minikube-darwin-arm64 /usr/local/bin/minikube # Windows # Download dari https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/ ``` #### **Basic Usage** ```bash # Start cluster dengan default configuration minikube start # Start dengan custom settings minikube start \ --cpus=2 \ --memory=4096 \ --disk-size=20g \ --driver=docker \ --kubernetes-version=v1.28.0 # Check cluster status minikube status # Access dashboard minikube dashboard # Enable addons minikube addons enable ingress minikube addons enable metrics-server minikube addons enable dashboard # Stop cluster minikube stop # Delete cluster minikube delete ``` #### **Advanced Configuration** ```bash # Multi-node cluster minikube start --nodes=3 # Dengan specific driver minikube start --driver=virtualbox minikube start --driver=hyperkit minikube start --driver=docker minikube start --driver=podman # Dengan networking options minikube start --network-plugin=cni minikube start --subnet=192.168.49.0/24 # Dengan storage minikube start --disk-size=50g minikube start --extra-disks=4 # Dengan registry minikube start --registry-mirror=https://registry.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn ``` ### **kind (Kubernetes in Docker)** **kind** menjalankan Kubernetes cluster menggunakan Docker containers sebagai "nodes". #### **Installation** ```bash # Linux (x86_64) curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-linux-amd64 chmod +x ./kind sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind # macOS (Intel) curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-darwin-amd64 chmod +x ./kind sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind # macOS (Apple Silicon) curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-darwin-arm64 chmod +x ./kind sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind # Windows # Download dari https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/docs/user/quick-start/#installation ``` #### **Cluster Configuration** ```yaml # kind-config.yaml kind: Cluster apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4 nodes: - role: control-plane kubeadmConfigPatches: - | kind: InitConfiguration nodeRegistration: kubeletExtraArgs: node-labels: "ingress-ready=true" extraPortMappings: - containerPort: 80 hostPort: 80 protocol: TCP - containerPort: 443 hostPort: 443 protocol: TCP - role: worker - role: worker ``` #### **Basic Usage** ```bash # Create cluster dengan config kind create cluster --config=kind-config.yaml # Create cluster default kind create cluster # List clusters kind get clusters # Delete cluster kind delete cluster # Export kubeconfig kind export kubeconfig --name=kind-cluster # Use specific cluster kubectl cluster-info --context=kind-kind ``` ### **Docker Desktop** Docker Desktop memiliki built-in Kubernetes support. #### **Setup** ```bash # 1. Install Docker Desktop # Download dari https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/ # 2. Enable Kubernetes # - Open Docker Desktop settings # - Go to Kubernetes tab # - Enable Kubernetes # - Apply & Restart # 3. Verify installation docker version kubectl version --client kubectl cluster-info ``` #### **Configuration** ```bash # Kubernetes di Docker Desktop # - CPU: 2 cores minimum # - Memory: 4GB minimum # - Disk: 20GB minimum # - Kubernetes version: Latest stable # - Network: 127.0.0.1:6443 # - CNI: kubenet # - CRI: containerd ``` ### **k3d / k3s** **k3s** adalah lightweight Kubernetes distribution dari Rancher, **k3d** adalah tool untuk menjalankannya di Docker. #### **Installation** ```bash # Install k3d curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/k3d-io/k3d/main/install.sh | bash # Atau manual download wget https://github.com/k3d-io/k3d/releases/download/v5.6.3/k3d-linux-amd64 chmod +x k3d-linux-amd64 sudo mv k3d-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/k3d ``` #### **Basic Usage** ```bash # Create cluster k3d cluster create mycluster # Create dengan 3 nodes k3d cluster create mycluster --agents 2 # Dengan port mapping k3d cluster create mycluster --port 8080:80@loadbalancer # Dengan specific Kubernetes version k3d cluster create mycluster --image rancher/k3s:v1.28.3-k3s1 # List clusters k3d cluster list # Delete cluster k3d cluster delete mycluster ``` *** ## ☁️ Cloud Cluster Setup ### **Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service)** #### **Prerequisites** ```bash # Install AWS CLI v2 curl "https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64.zip" -o "awscliv2.zip" unzip awscliv2.zip sudo ./aws/install # Install eksctl curl --silent --location "https://github.com/weaveworks/eksctl/releases/latest/download/eksctl_$(uname -s)_amd64.tar.gz" | tar xz -C /tmp sudo mv /tmp/eksctl /usr/local/bin/eksctl # Verify installation aws --version eksctl version ``` #### **Create EKS Cluster** ```bash # Basic EKS cluster eksctl create cluster \ --name my-eks-cluster \ --region us-west-2 \ --nodegroup-name standard-workers \ --node-type t3.medium \ --nodes 3 \ --nodes-min 1 \ --nodes-max 4 \ --managed # Advanced EKS cluster dengan custom config eksctl create cluster \ --name my-eks-cluster \ --region us-west-2 \ --nodegroup-name standard-workers \ --node-type t3.medium \ --nodes 3 \ --nodes-min 1 \ --nodes-max 4 \ --managed \ --ssh-access \ --ssh-public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub \ --set clusterName=my-eks-cluster \ --set region=us-west-2 # Dengan IAM role aws iam create-role \ --role-name myEksRole \ --assume-role-policy-document file://trust-policy.json aws iam attach-role-policy \ --role-name myEksRole \ --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonEKSClusterPolicy ``` #### **Configure kubectl** ```bash # Update kubeconfig aws eks update-kubeconfig --region us-west-2 --name my-eks-cluster # Verify connection kubectl get nodes kubectl get pods --all-namespaces ``` #### **EKS Node Groups** ```bash # Add node group eksctl create nodegroup \ --cluster my-eks-cluster \ --region us-west-2 \ --nodegroup-name high-memory-workers \ --node-type r5.large \ --nodes 2 \ --nodes-min 1 \ --nodes-max 3 \ --managed # Scale node group eksctl scale nodegroup \ --cluster my-eks-cluster \ --region us-west-2 \ --nodegroup-name standard-workers \ --nodes 5 # Delete node group eksctl delete nodegroup \ --cluster my-eks-cluster \ --region us-west-2 \ --nodegroup-name high-memory-workers ``` ### **Google GKE (Google Kubernetes Engine)** #### **Prerequisites** ```bash # Install Google Cloud SDK curl https://sdk.cloud.google.com | bash exec -l $SHELL gcloud init # Install kubectl gcloud components install kubectl # Verify installation gcloud version kubectl version --client ``` #### **Create GKE Cluster** ```bash # Basic GKE cluster gcloud container clusters create my-gke-cluster \ --zone us-central1-a \ --num-nodes 3 \ --machine-type e2-standard-2 \ --enable-autoscaling \ --min-nodes 1 \ --max-nodes 5 \ --enable-autorepair \ --enable-autoupgrade # Regional cluster gcloud container clusters create my-gke-cluster \ --region us-central1 \ --node-locations us-central1-a,us-central1-b,us-central1-c \ --num-nodes 1 \ --machine-type e2-standard-2 \ --enable-autoscaling \ --min-nodes 1 \ --max-nodes 3 # Private cluster gcloud container clusters create my-gke-cluster \ --zone us-central1-a \ --enable-private-nodes \ --enable-master-authorized-networks \ --master-authorized-networks 10.0.0.0/8 \ --enable-ip-alias \ --enable-subnetworks \ --enable-private-endpoint ``` #### **Configure kubectl** ```bash # Get credentials gcloud container clusters get-credentials my-gke-cluster \ --zone us-central1-a # Verify connection kubectl get nodes kubectl get pods --all-namespaces ``` #### **GKE Node Pools** ```bash # Create node pool gcloud container node-pools create my-node-pool \ --cluster=my-gke-cluster \ --zone=us-central1-a \ --machine-type=e2-standard-4 \ --num-nodes=2 \ --enable-autoscaling \ --min-nodes=1 \ --max-nodes=3 # Resize node pool gcloud container clusters resize my-gke-cluster \ --node-pool=my-node-pool \ --num-nodes=3 \ --zone=us-central1-a # Delete node pool gcloud container node-pools delete my-node-pool \ --cluster=my-gke-cluster \ --zone=us-central1-a ``` ### **Microsoft Azure AKS (Azure Kubernetes Service)** #### **Prerequisites** ```bash # Install Azure CLI curl -sL https://aka.ms/InstallAzureCLIDeb | sudo bash # Install kubectl az aks install-cli # Verify installation az --version kubectl version --client ``` #### **Create AKS Cluster** ```bash # Create resource group az group create --name myResourceGroup --location eastus # Basic AKS cluster az aks create \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --name myAKSCluster \ --node-count 3 \ --generate-ssh-keys \ --enable-cluster-autoscaler \ --min-count 1 \ --max-count 5 # Advanced AKS cluster az aks create \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --name myAKSCluster \ --node-count 3 \ --node-vm-size Standard_B2s \ --enable-addons monitoring \ --enable-cluster-autoscaler \ --min-count 1 \ --max-count 5 \ --enable-oidc-issuer \ --enable-aad \ --aad-admin-group-object-ids ``` #### **Configure kubectl** ```bash # Get credentials az aks get-credentials \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --name myAKSCluster # Verify connection kubectl get nodes kubectl get pods --all-namespaces ``` #### **AKS Node Pools** ```bash # Create node pool az aks nodepool add \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --cluster-name myAKSCluster \ --name mynodepool \ --node-count 3 \ --node-vm-size Standard_D2s_v3 \ --enable-cluster-autoscaler \ --min-count 1 \ --max-count 5 # Scale node pool az aks nodepool scale \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --cluster-name myAKSCluster \ --name mynodepool \ --node-count 5 # Delete node pool az aks nodepool delete \ --resource-group myResourceGroup \ --cluster-name myAKSCluster \ --name mynodepool ``` *** ## ⚙️ Configuration ### **kubectl Configuration** #### **kubeconfig Setup** ```bash # Default location: ~/.kube/config export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/config # View current context kubectl config current-context # View all contexts kubectl config get-contexts # Switch context kubectl config use-context my-cluster # Set namespace preference kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=mynamespace # View cluster info kubectl cluster-info kubectl config view ``` #### **Multi-Cluster Management** ```bash # Add multiple contexts to kubeconfig kubectl config set-cluster gke-dev \ --server=https://35.227.123.45 \ --certificate-authority=/path/to/ca.crt kubectl config set-credentials gke-dev-admin \ --token=your-token kubectl config set-context gke-dev \ --cluster=gke-dev \ --user=gke-dev-admin \ --namespace=dev # Merge kubeconfig files KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config:~/dev-kubeconfig kubectl config view --merge ``` ### **Network Configuration** #### **CNI (Container Network Interface)** ```bash # Install Calico (popular CNI) kubectl create -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml # Install Flannel (simple CNI) kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flannel-io/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml # Install Weave Net (feature-rich CNI) kubectl apply -f "https://cloud.weave.works/k8s/net?k8s-version=$(kubectl version | base64 | tr -d '\n')" # Check CNI pods kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app=calico-node ``` #### **Ingress Controller** ```bash # NGINX Ingress Controller kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.8.1/deploy/static/provider/cloud/deploy.yaml # Traefik Ingress Controller kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/traefik/traefik/v2.9/docs/content/user-guides/kubernetes-ingress-provider/traefik-deployment.yaml # Cert-Manager untuk SSL certificates kubectl apply -f https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.13.0/cert-manager.yaml ``` ### **Storage Configuration** #### **Storage Classes** ```bash # Create storage class apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 kind: StorageClass metadata: name: fast-ssd provisioner: kubernetes.io/aws-ebs parameters: type: gp3 iops: "3000" throughput: "125" fsType: ext4 allowVolumeExpansion: true volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer reclaimPolicy: Delete # List storage classes kubectl get storageclass # Default storage class kubectl patch storageclass fast-ssd -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}' ``` #### **Persistent Volumes** ```bash # Local storage apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata: name: local-pv spec: capacity: storage: 10Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain storageClassName: local-storage local: path: /mnt/data nodeAffinity: required: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/hostname operator: In values: - node-1 ``` ### **Monitoring Setup** #### **Metrics Server** ```bash # Install metrics server untuk HPA kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/latest/download/components.yaml # Verify installation kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app=metrics-server # Check node metrics kubectl top nodes kubectl top pods ``` #### **Prometheus + Grafana** ```bash # Install Prometheus Operator kubectl create namespace monitoring helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts helm install prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack \ --namespace monitoring \ --set prometheus.prometheusSpec.storageSpec.volumeClaimTemplate.spec.resources.requests.storage=50Gi ``` *** ## 🔧 Validation ### **Cluster Health Checks** #### **Basic Validation** ```bash # Check cluster components kubectl get componentstatuses # Check nodes status kubectl get nodes -o wide # Check system pods kubectl get pods -n kube-system # Check API server connectivity kubectl get --raw=/healthz # Check etcd health kubectl get --raw=/healthz/etcd ``` #### **Network Validation** ```bash # Test DNS resolution kubectl run busybox --image=busybox:1.35 --rm -it --restart=Never -- nslookup kubernetes.default # Test external connectivity kubectl run busybox --image=busybox:1.35 --rm -it --restart=Never -- wget -O- google.com # Test pod-to-pod connectivity kubectl run test-pod1 --image=nginx:1.21 --restart=Never kubectl run test-pod2 --image=nginx:1.21 --restart=Never kubectl exec test-pod2 -- curl -s http://test-pod1.default.svc.cluster.local ``` #### **Storage Validation** ```bash # Create test PVC apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata: name: test-pvc spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 1Gi # Verify PVC binding kubectl get pvc kubectl describe pvc test-pvc ``` ### **Performance Validation** #### **Resource Usage** ```bash # Check resource requests vs capacity kubectl describe nodes | grep -A 10 "Allocated resources:" # Check pod resource usage kubectl top pods --all-namespaces # Check node resource usage kubectl top nodes ``` #### **Stress Testing** ```bash # Deploy stress test kubectl apply -f - < kubectl get nodes kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp # Image pull errors kubectl describe pod docker pull kubectl get secret -o yaml # CrashLoopBackOff kubectl logs kubectl logs --previous kubectl describe pod ``` #### **Node Issues** ```bash # Node not ready kubectl describe node kubectl get pods -o wide --field-selector spec.nodeName= journalctl -u kubelet # Resource exhaustion kubectl top nodes kubectl describe nodes | grep -A 5 "Conditions:" ``` #### **Network Issues** ```bash # DNS resolution kubectl exec -it -- nslookup kubernetes.default kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns # Service connectivity kubectl get endpoints kubectl describe service kubectl exec -it -- curl -I http://..svc.cluster.local ``` #### **Storage Issues** ```bash # Volume mounting kubectl describe pod | grep -A 10 "Volumes:" kubectl get pv,pvc kubectl describe pvc # Storage class issues kubectl get storageclass kubectl describe storageclass ``` ### **Cluster Reset** #### **Minikube Reset** ```bash # Stop and start Minikube minikube stop minikube start # Complete reset minikube delete minikube start # Reset specific component minikube addons disable ingress minikube addons enable ingress ``` #### **kind Reset** ```bash # Delete and recreate cluster kind delete cluster kind create cluster # Export and import config kind export kubeconfig ``` #### **EKS Reset** ```bash # Drain all nodes kubectl get nodes -o name | xargs -I {} kubectl drain {} --ignore-daemonsets --delete-local-data # Force delete pods kubectl delete pods --all --grace-period=0 # Restart nodes aws ec2 reboot-instances --instance-ids $(kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[*].spec.providerID}' | sed 's/aws:\/\///') ``` ### **Performance Optimization** #### **Resource Optimization** ```bash # Check resource utilization kubectl top nodes kubectl top pods --all-namespaces # Set resource limits kubectl patch deployment -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"containers":[{"name":"","resources":{"limits":{"memory":"1Gi"}}}]}}}}' # Enable cluster autoscaler kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/releases/download/cluster-autoscaler-1.28.0/cluster-autoscaler.yaml ``` #### **Network Optimization** ```bash # Check network performance kubectl exec -it -- ping 8.8.8.8 kubectl exec -it -- iperf3 -c # Optimize CNI # Review CNI configuration kubectl get configmap -n kube-system cni-config -o yaml ``` *** ## 📋 **Quick Reference Commands** ### **Setup Commands** ```bash # kubectl installation curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl" sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl # Minikube installation curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64 sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube # kind installation curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-linux-amd64 chmod +x ./kind sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind # Basic cluster start minikube start kind create cluster ``` ### **Validation Commands** ```bash # Cluster health kubectl cluster-info kubectl get nodes kubectl get pods -A # Network testing kubectl run busybox --image=busybox:1.35 --rm -it --restart=Never -- nslookup kubernetes.default # Resource monitoring kubectl top nodes kubectl top pods -A ``` ### **Troubleshooting Commands** ```bash # Pod issues kubectl describe pod kubectl logs # Node issues kubectl describe node journalctl -u kubelet # Service issues kubectl get svc kubectl describe svc kubectl get endpoints ``` *** ## 🔗 **Additional Resources** ### **Official Documentation** * [Kubernetes Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/) * [Setup Tools](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/) * [Installation Guides](https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/) ### **Community Resources** * [Kubernetes Community](https://kubernetes.io/community/) * [CNCF Landscape](https://landscape.cncf.io/) * [Kubernetes by Example](https://kubernetesbyexample.com/) ### **Practice Environments** * [Kubernetes Katacoda](https://katacoda.com/scenarios/kubernetes) * [Play with Kubernetes](https://labs.play-with-k8s.com/) * [Killercoda](https://killercoda.com/) *** *📅 **Last Updated**: November 2024* *🔗 **Related**:* [*Fundamentals*](https://mahbubzulkarnain.gitbook.io/catatan-seekor-the-series/catatan-seekor-devops/kubernetes/fundamentals) *|* [*Application Deployment*](https://mahbubzulkarnain.gitbook.io/catatan-seekor-the-series/catatan-seekor-devops/kubernetes/application-deployment) *|* [*Cheatsheets*](https://mahbubzulkarnain.gitbook.io/catatan-seekor-the-series/catatan-seekor-devops/kubernetes/cheatsheets)